The Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and Rwanda signed an agreement in Washington on Friday aimed at ending violence in eastern Congo, with mediation by the United States and Qatar.
“This is a significant moment after thirty years of war,” stated US Secretary of State Marco Rubio. The signing ceremony took place at his department, attended by Congolese Foreign Minister Thérèse Kayikwamba Wagner and Rwandan Foreign Minister Olivier Nduhungirehe.
Earlier this year, M23 rebels, aided by the Rwandan army, intensified their offensive in eastern Congo, capturing Goma and Bukavu, the capitals of North and South Kivu provinces. The violence has claimed thousands of lives.
The text signed in Washington seeks to end this violence, outlining commitments to respect territorial integrity, cease hostilities, and allow humanitarian aid. According to Reuters, it specifically requires the withdrawal of Rwandan troops from eastern Congo within ninety days.
Additionally, both nations are expected to agree on an economic integration framework within the same timeframe. Bloomberg reports that a preliminary version includes plans for sharing mineral revenues and transportation infrastructure, including railways and roads. A hydroelectric plant on the border is also part of the deal, contingent on the peace agreement’s implementation.
Eastern Congo, rich in minerals, has been plagued by violence for over thirty years. Previous accords with M23 have repeatedly been violated.
Belgian Foreign Minister Maxime Prévot welcomed the peace accord on social media platform X (formerly Twitter), commending the two neighbouring countries for their “courageous choice for peace.”
“Effective implementation of the commitments is crucial for achieving lasting peace in the Great Lakes region,” he said. “Belgium, alongside regional and international partners, will remain steadfast in pursuing this goal.”
US President Donald Trump also hailed the agreement as a “new chapter of hope.” With Congolese and Rwandan foreign ministers beside him, he stated, “Today marks an end to violence and destruction and ushers the region into a new era of hope, opportunity, harmony, prosperity, and peace.”
UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres praised the agreement as an “important step towards de-escalation,” commending the United States for its leading role in mediation. Guterres urged the parties involved to fully implement their commitments.
